The gnu privacy guard suite of programs
GnuPG is a set of programs for public key encryption and digital signatures. The program most users will want to use is the OpenPGP command line tool, named gpg. gpgv is a stripped down version of gpg with no encryption functionality, used only to verify signatures against a trusted keyring. There is also a tool called gpgsplit to split OpenPGP messages or keyrings into their component packets. This is mainly useful for seeing how OpenPGP messages are put together.