vacation.sendmail (1)

vacation [-a alias] [-C cffile] [-d] [-f database] [-i] [-I] [-j] [-l] [-m message] [-R returnaddr] [-r interval] [-s address] [-t time] [-U] [-x] [-z] login

Vacation returns a message, ~/.vacation.msg by default, to the sender informing them that you are currently not reading your mail. The message is only sent to each sender once per reply interval (see -r below). The intended use is in a .forward file. For example, your .forward file might have:

• \eric, "|/usr/bin/vacation -a allman eric"

which would send messages to you (assuming your login name was eric) and reply to any messages for ``eric'' or ``allman''.

Available options:

-a alias

Handle messages for alias in the same manner as those received for the user's login name.

-C cfpath

Specify pathname of the sendmail configuration file. This option is ignored if -U is specified. This option defaults to the standard sendmail configuration file, located at /etc/mail/sendmail.cf on most systems.

-d

Send error/debug messages to stderr instead of syslog. Otherwise, fatal errors, such as calling vacation with incorrect arguments, or with non-existent logins, are logged in the system log file, using syslog(8). This should only be used on the command line, not in your .forward file.

-f filename

Use filename as name of the database instead of ~/.vacation.db or ~/.vacation.{dir,pag}. Unless the filename starts with / it is relative to ~.

-i

Initialize the vacation database files. It should be used before you modify your .forward file. This should only be used on the command line, not in your .forward file.

-I

Same as -i (for backwards compatibility). This should only be used on the command line, not in your .forward file.

-j

Respond to the message regardless of whether the login is listed as a recipient for the message. Do not use this flag unless you are sure of the consequences. For example, this will cause vacation to reply to mailing list messages which may result in removing you from the list.

-l

List the content of the vacation database file including the address and the associated time of the last auto-response to that address. This should only be used on the command line, not in your .forward file.

-m filename

Use filename as name of the file containing the message to send instead of ~/.vacation.msg. Unless the filename starts with / it is relative to ~.

-R returnaddr

Set the reply envelope sender address

-r interval

Set the reply interval to interval days. The default is one week. An interval of ``0'' or ``infinite'' (actually, any non-numeric character) will never send more than one reply. The -r option should only be used when the vacation database is initialized (see -i above).

-s address

Use address instead of the incoming message sender address on the From line as the recipient for the vacation message.

-t time

Ignored, available only for compatibility with Sun's vacation program.

-U

Do not attempt to lookup login in the password file. The -f and -m options must be used to specify the database and message file since there is no home directory for the default settings for these options.

-x

Reads an exclusion list from stdin (one address per line). Mails coming from an address in this exclusion list won't get a reply by vacation. It is possible to exclude complete domains by specifying ``@domain'' as element of the exclusion list. This should only be used on the command line, not in your .forward file.

-z

Set the sender of the vacation message to ``<>'' instead of the user. This probably violates the RFCs since vacation messages are not required by a standards-track RFC to have a null reverse-path.

Vacation reads the first line from the standard input for a UNIX ``From'' line to determine the sender. Sendmail(8) includes this ``From'' line automatically.

No message will be sent unless login (or an alias supplied using the -a option) is part of either the ``To:'' or ``Cc:'' headers of the mail. No messages from ``???-REQUEST'', ``???-RELAY'', ``???-OWNER'', ``OWNER-???'', ``Postmaster'', ``UUCP'', ``MAILER'', or ``MAILER-DAEMON'' will be replied to (where these strings are case insensitive) nor is a notification sent if a ``Precedence: bulk'' or ``Precedence: junk'' line is included in the mail headers. The people who have sent you messages are maintained as a db(3) or dbm(3) database in the file .vacation.db or .vacation.{dir,pag} in your home directory.

Vacation expects a file .vacation.msg, in your home directory, containing a message to be sent back to each sender. It should be an entire message (including headers). For example, it might contain:

• From: [email protected] (Eric Allman)
  Subject: I am on vacation
  Delivered-By-The-Graces-Of: The Vacation program
  Precedence: bulk
  
  I am on vacation until July 22.  If you have something urgent,
  please contact Keith Bostic <[email protected]>.
  --eric
  

~/.vacation.db

default database file for db(3)

~/.vacation.{dir,pag}

default database file for dbm(3)

~/.vacation.msg

default message to send

sendmail(8), syslog(8)

The vacation command appeared in 4.3BSD.