expm1f(3)

expm1f3

Exponential minus 1

Part of expm1(3).

Usage

#include <math.h>

double expm1(double x); float expm1f(float x); long double expm1l(long double x);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

expm1():

    _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
        || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
        || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
        || /* glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE

expm1f(), expm1l():

    _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
        || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
        || /* glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE

Library

Math library (libm, -lm)

Overview

These functions return a value equivalent to

    exp(x) - 1

The result is computed in a way that is accurate even if the value of x is near zero—a case where exp(x) - 1 would be inaccurate due to subtraction of two numbers that are nearly equal.

Return value

On success, these functions return exp(x) - 1.

If x is a NaN, a NaN is returned.

If x is +0 (-0), +0 (-0) is returned.

If x is positive infinity, positive infinity is returned.

If x is negative infinity, -1 is returned.

If the result overflows, a range error occurs, and the functions return -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, or -HUGE_VALL, respectively.

Errors

See math_error(7) for information on how to determine whether an error has occurred when calling these functions.

The following errors can occur:

Range error, overflow

errno is set to ERANGE (but see BUGS). An overflow floating-point exception (FE_OVERFLOW) is raised.

Attributes

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

InterfaceAttributeValue
expm1(), expm1f(), expm1l()Thread safetyMT-Safe

Releases

12 releases since Debian 3.1 (Sarge); the text changed 11 times.

  1. 3.1
  2. 4.0
  3. 5.0
  4. 6.0
  5. 7
  6. 8
  7. 9
  8. 10
  9. 11
  10. 12
  11. 13
  12. Arch

Standards

C11, POSIX.1-2008.

History

C99, POSIX.1-2001. BSD.

Bugs

Before glibc 2.17, on certain architectures (e.g., x86, but not x86_64) expm1() raised a bogus underflow floating-point exception for some large negative x values (where the function result approaches -1).

Before approximately glibc 2.11, expm1() raised a bogus invalid floating-point exception in addition to the expected overflow exception, and returned a NaN instead of positive infinity, for some large positive x values.

Before glibc 2.11, the glibc implementation did not set errno to ERANGE when a range error occurred.

From man-pages 6.19-1 in Arch Linux 2026-11-01. Parsed by carta from the page's man source.