cal(1)

cal1

Displays a calendar

Usage

cal [-jmwy] [month] [year]

Overview

cal displays a simple calendar. Calendars may be displayed by month or by year.

The options are as follows:

-j

Display Julian dates (days one-based, numbered from January 1). The options -j and -w are mutually exclusive.

-m

Display weeks starting on Monday instead of Sunday.

-w

Display week numbers in the month display. If -m is specified, the ISO week format is assumed. The options -j and -w are mutually exclusive.

-y

Display a calendar for the current year. This option is ignored if year is specified and conflicts with specifying a month.

A single numerical parameter specifies the year (1 - 9999) to be displayed. The year must be fully specified: “cal 89” will not display a calendar for 1989. Two parameters denote the month (1 - 12, or a month name or abbreviation thereof) and year. Alternatively, a single parameter may be given specifying the name or abbreviated name of a month: in that case a calendar is displayed for that month of the current year. If no parameters are specified, the current month's calendar is displayed.

A year starts on January 1st.

The Gregorian Reformation is assumed to have occurred in 1752 after the 2nd of September. By this time, most countries had recognized the Reformation (although a few did not recognize it until the early 1900s). Eleven days following that date were eliminated by the Reformation, so the calendar for that month is a bit unusual.

Exit status

The cal utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

Releases

61 releases since OpenBSD 2.1; the text changed 18 times.

  1. 2.1
  2. 2.2
  3. 2.3
  4. 2.4–2.5
  5. 2.6
  6. 2.7–3.3
  7. 3.4–3.8
  8. 3.9–4.1
  9. 4.2–4.3
  10. 4.4
  11. 4.5–4.7
  12. 4.8
  13. 4.9–5.0
  14. 5.1–5.4
  15. 5.5–6.0
  16. 6.1–7.0
  17. 7.1–7.5
  18. 7.6–7.9
  19. 8.0

-m since OpenBSD 4.4; -w since OpenBSD 4.4.

Standards

The cal utility is compliant with the X/Open System Interfaces option of the IEEE Std 1003.1-2024 (“POSIX.1”) specification.

The flags [-jmwy], as well as the ability to specify a month name as a single argument, are extensions to that specification.

The week number computed by -mw is compliant with the ISO 8601 specification.

History

A cal command appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.

From man 8.0-current-20261101 in OpenBSD 8.0-current (2026-11-01). Parsed by carta from the page's mdoc source.