shutdown(8)

shutdown8

Halt, power off or reboot the machine

Usage

shutdown [OPTIONS ...] [TIME] [WALL ...]

Overview

shutdown may be used to halt, power off, or reboot the machine.

The first argument may be a time string (which is usually "now"). Optionally, this may be followed by a wall message to be sent to all logged-in users before going down.

The time string may either be in the format "hh:mm" for hour/minutes specifying the time to execute the shutdown at, specified in 24h clock format. Alternatively it may be in the syntax "+m" referring to the specified number of minutes m from now. "now" is an alias for "+0", i.e. for triggering an immediate shutdown. If no time argument is specified, "+1" is implied.

The time string specifies the earliest point in time the shutdown may take place; it is a lower bound only: the shutdown is executed as soon as possible, but not before the specified time. Specifying a time that already elapsed (for example an "hh:mm" time earlier today) is not an error and results in an immediate shutdown. See the discussion of --when= in systemctl(1) for details.

Note that to specify a wall message you must specify a time argument, too.

If the time argument is used, 5 minutes before the system goes down the /run/nologin file is created to ensure that further logins shall not be allowed.

Options

The following options are understood:

--help

Print a short help text and exit.

-H, --halt

Halt the machine.

-P, --poweroff

Power the machine off (the default).

-r, --reboot

Reboot the machine.

-h

The same as --poweroff, but does not override the action to take if it is "halt". E.g. shutdown --reboot -h means "poweroff", but shutdown --halt -h means "halt".

-k

Do not halt, power off, or reboot, but just write the wall message.

--no-wall

Do not send wall message before halt, power off, or reboot.

-c

Cancel a pending shutdown. This may be used to cancel the effect of an invocation of shutdown with a time argument that is not "+0" or "now".

--show

Show a pending shutdown action and time if there is any.

Added in version 250.

Exit status

On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.

Compatibility

The shutdown command in previous init systems (including sysvinit) defaulted to single-user mode instead of powering off the machine. To change into single-user mode, use systemctl rescue instead.

Releases

19 releases since Debian 1.1 (Buzz); the text changed 13 times.

  1. 1.1
  2. 1.2–1.3
  3. 2.0–2.1
  4. 2.2
  5. 3.0
  6. 3.1
  7. 4.0–5.0
  8. 6.0–7
  9. 8–9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. Arch

--halt since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; --help since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; --no-wall since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; --poweroff since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; --reboot since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; --show since Arch Linux 2026-11-01; -H since Debian 3.1 (Sarge); -P since Debian 3.1 (Sarge).

-F until Debian 13 (Trixie); -Q until Debian 13 (Trixie); -a until Debian 13 (Trixie); -f until Debian 13 (Trixie); -n until Debian 13 (Trixie); -q until Debian 13 (Trixie); -t until Debian 13 (Trixie).

From systemd-sysvcompat 262.1-1 in Arch Linux 2026-11-01. Parsed by carta from the page's man source.