col1

Usage

Overview

col filters out reverse (and half-reverse) line feeds so the output is in the correct order, with only forward and half-forward line feeds. It also replaces any whitespace characters with tabs where possible. This can be useful in processing the output of nroff(1) and tbl(1).

col reads from standard input and writes to standard output.

Options

-b, --no-backspaces

Do not output any backspaces, printing only the last character written to each column position.

-f, --fine

Permit half-forward line feeds. Normally characters destined for a half-line boundary are printed on the following line.

-h, --tabs

Output tabs instead of multiple spaces.

-l, --lines number

Buffer at least number lines in memory. By default, 128 lines are buffered.

-p, --pass

Force unknown control sequences to be passed through unchanged. Normally col will filter out any control sequences other than those recognized and interpreted by itself, which are listed below.

-x, --spaces

Output multiple spaces instead of tabs.

-H, --help

Display help text and exit.

-V, --version

Display version and exit.

Notes

The control sequences for carriage motion that col understands and their decimal values are listed in the following table:

ESC-7

ESC-8

ESC-9

backspace

newline

carriage return

shift in

shift out

space

tab

vertical tab

All unrecognized control characters and escape sequences are discarded.

col keeps track of the character set as characters are read and makes sure the character set is correct when they are output.

If the input attempts to back up to the last flushed line, col will display a warning message.