RRD::Simple::Examples (3pm)

Example 1: Basic Data Gathering Using vmstat

 use strict;
 use RRD::Simple;

 my $cmd = "/usr/bin/vmstat 2 3";
 my $rrdfile = "vmstat-cpu.rrd";
 my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => $rrdfile );

 my @keys = ();
 my %update = ();
 open(PH,"-|",$cmd) or die qq{Unable to open file handle PH for command "$cmd": $!};
 while (local $_ = <PH>) {
     next if /---/;
     s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
     if (/\d+/ && @keys) {
         @update{@keys} = split(/\s+/,$_);
     } else { @keys = split(/\s+/,$_); }
 }
 close(PH) or die qq{Unable to close file handle PH for command "$cmd": $!};

 my @cpukeys = splice(@keys,-4,4);
 my %labels = (wa => "IO wait", id => "Idle", sy => "System", us => "User");

 $rrd->create(map { ($_ => "GAUGE") } @cpukeys) unless -f $rrdfile;
 $rrd->update(map { ($_ => $update{$_}) } @cpukeys);

Example 2: Setting Minimum and Maximum Value Limits

This example shows how to set the minimum value to zero on a datasource using the RRDs::tune function. Use \*(C`-i\*(C' or \*(C`--minimum\*(C' to set the minimum value, and \*(C`-a\*(C' or \*(C`--maximum\*(C' to set the maximum value.

See <http://www.rrdtool.org/rrdtool/doc/rrdtune.en.html>.

use strict; use RRD::Simple; use RRDs;

my %update = (); my $cmd = "/usr/bin/iostat -k";

open(PH,"-|",$cmd) or die qq{Unable to open file handle PH for command "$cmd": $!}; while (local $_ = <PH>) { if (my ($dev,$r,$w) = $_ =~ /^([\w\d]+)\s+\S+\s+\S+\s+\S+\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)$/) { $update{$dev} = { "read" => $r, "write" => $w }; } } close(PH) or die qq{Unable to close file handle PH for command "$cmd": $!};

for my $dev (keys %update) { my $rrdfile = "iostat-$dev.rrd"; my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => $rrdfile );

unless (-f $rrdfile) { $rrd->create( map { ($_ => "DERIVE") } sort keys %{$update{$dev}} ); RRDs::tune($rrdfile, "-i", "$_:0") for keys %{$update{$dev}}; }

$rrd->update(%{$update{$dev}}); }

Example 3: Creating RRDs with Different Data Retention Periods

The second (optional) parameter to the create method is the data retention period. Valid values are \*(L"day\*(R", \*(L"week\*(R", \*(L"month\*(R", \*(L"year\*(R", \*(L"3years\*(R" and \*(L"mrtg\*(R". The default value is \*(L"mrtg\*(R".

The \*(L"mrtg\*(R" data retention period uses a data stepping resolution of 300 seconds (5 minutes) and heartbeat of 600 seconds (10 minutes), whereas all the other data retention periods use a data stepping resolution of 60 seconds (1 minute) and heartbeat of 120 seconds (2 minutes).

use strict; use RRD::Simple;

my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => "myfile.rrd" ); my @period = qw(day week month year 3years mrtg); $rrd->create($period[1], datasource1 => "GAUGE", datasource2 => "GAUGE", datasource3 => "GAUGE", );

Example 4: Drawing an Average Value Horizonal Rule on a Graph

Graph parameters are preserved and should be passed through to RRDs correctly: \s-1VDEF\s0, \s-1CDEF\s0, \s-1DEF\s0, \s-1GPRINT\s0, \s-1PRINT\s0, \s-1COMMENT\s0, \s-1HRULE\s0, \s-1VRULE\s0, \s-1LINE\s0, \s-1AREA\s0, \s-1TICK\s0, \s-1SHIFT\s0 and \s-1STACK\s0. Use the \s-1VDEF\s0 and \s-1HRULE\s0 parameters to draw a horizontal rule on your graph.

use strict; use RRD::Simple;

my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => "frequency.rrd" ); $rrd->create("day", Frequency => "GAUGE", );

my $end = time(); my $start = $end - (60 * 60 * 24); my $i = 0; my $rand = int(rand(100));

for (my $t = $start; $t <= $end; $t += 60) { $rrd->update($t, Frequency => ( cos($i += 0.01) * 100 ) + $rand, ); }

$rrd->graph( sources => [ qw(Frequency) ], "VDEF:FrequencyAVERAGE=Frequency,AVERAGE" => "", "HRULE:FrequencyAVERAGE#00ff77:Average" => "", );

Example 5: Drawing a Fixed Height Stacked Graph

use strict; use RRD::Simple;

my $rrdfile = "vmstat-cpu.rrd"; my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => $rrdfile );

$rrd->graph( title => "CPU Utilisation", vertical_label => "% percent", upper_limit => 100, lower_limit => 0, rigid => "", sources => [ qw(sy us wa id) ], source_drawtypes => [ qw(AREA STACK STACK STACK) ], extended_legend => 1, );

Example 6: Setting Custom Graph Colours

The \*(C`color\*(C' parameter can be used to override the default colours for standard elements of the graph. Valid elements are: \s-1BACK\s0, \s-1CANVAS\s0, \s-1SHADEA\s0, \s-1SHADEB\s0, \s-1GRID\s0, \s-1MGRID\s0, \s-1FONT\s0, \s-1AXIS\s0, \s-1FRAME\s0 and \s-1ARROW\s0. See <http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc/rrdgraph.en.html> for further information.

use strict; use RRD::Simple;

my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => "vmstat-cpu.rrd" );

$rrd->graph( title => "CPU Utilisation", source_colors => { sy => "ff0000", us => "00ff00", wa => "0000ff", id => "ffffff", }, color => [ ( "BACK#F5F5FF", "SHADEA#C8C8FF", "SHADEB#9696BE", "ARROW#61B51B", "GRID#404852", "MGRID#67C6DE" ) ], );

Example 7: Capacity Planning Predictions

use strict; use RRD::Simple 1.44;

my $rrd = RRD::Simple->new( file => "memory_usage.rrd" );

$rrd->graph( periods => [ qw(week month) ], title => "Memory Utilisation", base => 1024, vertical_label => "bytes", sources => [ qw(Total Used) ], source_drawtypes => [ qw(AREA LINE) ], source_colors => [ qw(dddddd 0000dd) ], lower_limit => 0, rigid => "", "VDEF:D=Used,LSLSLOPE" => "", "VDEF:H=Used,LSLINT" => "", "VDEF:F=Used,LSLCORREL" => "", "CDEF:Proj=Used,POP,D,COUNT,*,H,+" => "", "LINE2:Proj#800000: Projection" => "", );

Copyright 2005,2006,2007,2008 Nicola Worthington.

This software is licensed under The Apache Software License, Version 2.0.

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>